Financiamiento de las campañas a la cámara de diputados en Chile 2017: estimación de factores explicativos
Financiamiento de las campañas a la cámara de diputados en Chile 2017: estimación de factores explicativos
Authors
Hernández Araya, Rafael
Authors
Date
2020
Datos de publicación:
10.7770/RCHDCP-V11N2-ART2269
Keywords
Gasto electoral - Aportes a campañas - Elecciones parlamentarias - Incumbentes - Financiamiento de la política
Collections
Abstract
En el año 2017 debutó el nuevo sistema proporcional para las elec-ciones parlamentarias en Chile, en conjunto con las nuevas reglas sobre fi-nanciamiento de campañas. Se proponen tres modelos de regresión lineal que toman como variable dependiente el gasto de las candidaturas, aportes de los partidos, y aportes propios, estimando el efecto de la incumbencia, densidad poblacional, participación en elección pasada, coalición y sexo. Se halla que los incumbentes gastan más, lo que es transversal a todas las coaliciones, y que la coalición Chile Vamos incurre en gasto sustantivamente mayor que sus competidores. Además, los candidatos de la Nueva Mayoría recurrieron más al financiamiento desde sus partidos, en comparación al resto de las coaliciones. La densidad poblacional no es significativa, y la participación en 2016 incide en los aportes propios. Las mujeres gastaron levemente menos que los hombres y realizaron menos aportes propios, pero los partidos donan indistintamente del sexo.
n 2017 the new proportional system made its first appearance for the legislative elections in Chile, along with the new rules for campaign financing. Three linear regression models are proposed taking campaign expenditure, contributions from parties, and self-funding as dependent variables, and estimating the effects of incumbency, population density, turn-out in the last election, coalition and sex. Incumbents are more prone to expenditure across each coalition, and Chile Vamos spends markedly more than its competitors. Additionally, candidates from Nueva Mayoría depended more on contribu-tions from their parties in comparison to other coalitions. Population density has no effect, although turn-out in the last election has a positive effect on self-funding; women spent slightly less than men, and less from their own income, although gender is not significant for party financing.
n 2017 the new proportional system made its first appearance for the legislative elections in Chile, along with the new rules for campaign financing. Three linear regression models are proposed taking campaign expenditure, contributions from parties, and self-funding as dependent variables, and estimating the effects of incumbency, population density, turn-out in the last election, coalition and sex. Incumbents are more prone to expenditure across each coalition, and Chile Vamos spends markedly more than its competitors. Additionally, candidates from Nueva Mayoría depended more on contribu-tions from their parties in comparison to other coalitions. Population density has no effect, although turn-out in the last election has a positive effect on self-funding; women spent slightly less than men, and less from their own income, although gender is not significant for party financing.