Conductas alimentarias de riesgo y preocupación por la imagen corporal en gimnastas chilenas
Conductas alimentarias de riesgo y preocupación por la imagen corporal en gimnastas chilenas
Authors
Cisternas Bustos, Rosario
Donari Muñoz, Gianella
Mahncke Valenzuela, Flavia
Retamal Muñoz, Kamila
Pérez Courbis, Camila
Fuentes Vilugrón, Gerardo
Lagos Hernández, Roberto
Donari Muñoz, Gianella
Mahncke Valenzuela, Flavia
Retamal Muñoz, Kamila
Pérez Courbis, Camila
Fuentes Vilugrón, Gerardo
Lagos Hernández, Roberto
Profesor Guía
Authors
Date
2020
Datos de publicación:
10.22201/fesi.20071523e.2020.2.662
Revista mexicana de trastornos alimentarios, Vol. 10, N° 4, 384-396, 2020
Revista mexicana de trastornos alimentarios, Vol. 10, N° 4, 384-396, 2020
Tipo de recurso
Artículo de Revista
Facultad de Educación
Keywords
Gimnasia rítmica - Imagen corporal - Conducta alimentaria - Deporte
Materia geográfica
Chile
Collections
Abstract
La Gimnasia Rítmica (GR) es un deporte estético donde la delgadez es un factor importante para el éxito. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar conductas de riesgo y el nivel de preocupación de la percepción de la imagen corporal en gimnastas de elite chilenas. Se procedió a analizar conductas alimentarias de riesgo y la percepción de la imagen corporal en 53 gimnastas, a través de la aplicación del Eating Attitude Test (EAT - 26), el Body Shape Questionaire (BSQ) y grupos focales. Un 67,9% demostró no manifestar preocupación por la imagen corporal, 15,1%, manifestó preocupación leve, 13,2% manifestó preocupación moderada y 3,8% preocupación extrema. De igual manera un 67,9% no presenta riesgo de conducta alimentaria y 32,1% sí manifiesta esta condición. Existe relación entre las conductas alimentarias de riesgo y la percepción de la imagen corporal (p=0,028). Los grupos focales revelaron que las gimnastas señalan estar incómodas con su figura y que, en su alimentación dejan de lado algunos nutrientes, indican además que sus entrenadores dan instrucciones u opiniones sobre la figura de sus gimnastas de formas “no adecuadas” y con “poco profesionalismo”. Reconocen además no estar conformes con su imagen y manifiestan preocupación por la opinión de terceros.
Rhythmic Gymnastics (RM) is an aesthetic sport where thinness is an important factor for success. The present research aimed to analyze risk behaviors and the level of concern of body image perception in Chilean elite gymnasts. We proceeded to analyze risky eating behaviors and the perception of body image in 53 gymnasts, through the application of the Eating Attitude Test (EAT - 26), the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and focus groups. A 67.9% showed no concern for body image, 15.1% showed mild concern, 13.2% showed moderate concern and 3.8% showed extreme concern. Similarly, 67.9% did not show risk of eating behavior and 32.1% did show this condition. There is a relationship between risky eating behaviors and body image perception (p=0.028). The focus groups revealed that the gymnasts indicated that they are uncomfortable with their figure and that they leave out some nutrients in their diet, and that their coaches give instructions or opinions about the figure of their gymnasts in “inappropriate” and “unprofessional” ways. They also recognize that they are not satisfied with their image and express concern about the opinion of third parties.
Rhythmic Gymnastics (RM) is an aesthetic sport where thinness is an important factor for success. The present research aimed to analyze risk behaviors and the level of concern of body image perception in Chilean elite gymnasts. We proceeded to analyze risky eating behaviors and the perception of body image in 53 gymnasts, through the application of the Eating Attitude Test (EAT - 26), the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and focus groups. A 67.9% showed no concern for body image, 15.1% showed mild concern, 13.2% showed moderate concern and 3.8% showed extreme concern. Similarly, 67.9% did not show risk of eating behavior and 32.1% did show this condition. There is a relationship between risky eating behaviors and body image perception (p=0.028). The focus groups revealed that the gymnasts indicated that they are uncomfortable with their figure and that they leave out some nutrients in their diet, and that their coaches give instructions or opinions about the figure of their gymnasts in “inappropriate” and “unprofessional” ways. They also recognize that they are not satisfied with their image and express concern about the opinion of third parties.