Inventario de Sexismo Ambivalente (ISA) en adolescentes chilenos: estructura factorial, fiabilidad, validez e invarianza por sexo.
Inventario de Sexismo Ambivalente (ISA) en adolescentes chilenos: estructura factorial, fiabilidad, validez e invarianza por sexo.
Authors
Galván Cabello, Miguel
Briceño Olivera, Claudio
Fernández Darraz, María Cecilia
Mora Guerrero, Gloria
Briceño Olivera, Claudio
Fernández Darraz, María Cecilia
Mora Guerrero, Gloria
Authors
Date
Datos de publicación:
10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.1
Keywords
Discriminación de género - Estereotipos de género - Adolescencia - Propiedades psicométricas - Estudio instrumental
Collections
Abstract
El sexismo ambivalente es un constructo multidimensional compuesto por creencias y actitudes hostiles y benévolas que se legitiman entre sí para justificar el poder masculino estructural. Los estudios sobre sexismo en adolescentes cobran relevancia al ser una etapa evolutiva fundamental para asentar creencias acerca de las relaciones de género. Sin embargo, los instrumentos para medir representaciones sexistas en este grupo son escasos. Este estudio evaluó las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Sexismo Ambivalente (ISA) en adolescentes chilenos, concretamente se analizó la estructura factorial y su fiabilidad, validez e invarianza factorial por sexo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 546 estudiantes entre 15 y 18 años (M=15.52; DT=.66), de los cuales el 58.8% fueron mujeres. Los métodos que se utilizaron fueron Análisis Factorial Exploratorio y Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio. El resultado del análisis exploratorio sugirió retener los 20 ítems de la escala original agrupados en dos factores. Los resultados del análisis confirmatorio corroboraron la estructura original de la escala y precisaron un modelo de dos factores correlacionados, Sexismo Hostil y Sexismo Benévolo (χ2(166) = 302.34; CFI = .99; TLI = .98, RMSEA = .05, SRMR = .07), que considera al Sexismo Benévolo como un factor de segundo orden con tres subcomponentes (Paternalismo Protector, Intimidad Heterosexual y Diferenciación de Género). El modelo seleccionado coincidió con la pro- puesta teórica y explicó el 56% de la varianza. El análisis de fiabilidad indicó un alfa ordinal total de 0.93 y el análisis correlacional demostró evidencia de validez discriminante. El análisis de invarianza factorial evidenció que el grado de equivalencia del instrumento por sexo es plausible a un nivel estricto. Se concluyó que el ISA presenta adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para su uso en adolescentes de Chile.
Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) in Chilean adolescents: Factor structure, reliability, validity and sex invariance. Ambivalent sexism is a multidimensional construct conformed by hostile and benevolent beliefs and attitudes that tend to legitimize each other justifying male structural power. Sexism studies in adolescent population become relevant as it is a fundamental evolutive stage for settle gender relations beliefs. However, the tools that measures sexist representations in adolescents are scarce. The main goal was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) in Chilean adolescents, and analyze invariance by sex. Sample was composed of 546 students between 15–18 years (M=15.52; SD=.66), of which 58.8% were women. Exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses were the method of the study. The results of the exploratory factor analyses suggested to hold back the 20 items from the original structure grouped in two factors. Confirmatory factor analyses results showed suitability of the two factors theoretical proposal, hostile sexism and benevolent sexism (χ2 (166) = 302.34; CFI = .99; TLI= .98; RMSEA = .05; SRMR = .07), which includes benevolent sexism as a second-order factor conformed by three subcomponents protective paternalism, complementary gender differentiation, and heterosexual intimacy). The factorial structure of the selected model explained 56% of the total variance. The reliability of the ASI reached a satisfactory levels of ordinal alpha (αordinal = .93) for the complete instrument and the correlation analyses provide evidences of discriminant validity. The Invariance factorial analyses showed that the equivalence level of the ASI is plausible in the strict level. It is concluded that the ASI presents adequate psychometric properties for its use in Chilean adolescent population.
Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) in Chilean adolescents: Factor structure, reliability, validity and sex invariance. Ambivalent sexism is a multidimensional construct conformed by hostile and benevolent beliefs and attitudes that tend to legitimize each other justifying male structural power. Sexism studies in adolescent population become relevant as it is a fundamental evolutive stage for settle gender relations beliefs. However, the tools that measures sexist representations in adolescents are scarce. The main goal was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) in Chilean adolescents, and analyze invariance by sex. Sample was composed of 546 students between 15–18 years (M=15.52; SD=.66), of which 58.8% were women. Exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses were the method of the study. The results of the exploratory factor analyses suggested to hold back the 20 items from the original structure grouped in two factors. Confirmatory factor analyses results showed suitability of the two factors theoretical proposal, hostile sexism and benevolent sexism (χ2 (166) = 302.34; CFI = .99; TLI= .98; RMSEA = .05; SRMR = .07), which includes benevolent sexism as a second-order factor conformed by three subcomponents protective paternalism, complementary gender differentiation, and heterosexual intimacy). The factorial structure of the selected model explained 56% of the total variance. The reliability of the ASI reached a satisfactory levels of ordinal alpha (αordinal = .93) for the complete instrument and the correlation analyses provide evidences of discriminant validity. The Invariance factorial analyses showed that the equivalence level of the ASI is plausible in the strict level. It is concluded that the ASI presents adequate psychometric properties for its use in Chilean adolescent population.