High-intensity interval training on body composition, functional capacity and biochemical markers in healthy young versus older people
Date
Authors
Marzuca-Nassr, Gabriel Nasri
Artigas-Arias, Macarena
Olea, María Angélica
SanMartín-Calísto, Yuri
Huard, Nolberto
Durán-Vejar, Fernanda
Beltrán-Fuentes, Francisca
Muñoz-Fernández, Aris
Alegría-Molina, Andrea
Sapunar, Jorge
Artigas-Arias, Macarena
Olea, María Angélica
SanMartín-Calísto, Yuri
Huard, Nolberto
Durán-Vejar, Fernanda
Beltrán-Fuentes, Francisca
Muñoz-Fernández, Aris
Alegría-Molina, Andrea
Sapunar, Jorge
Authors
Date
Datos de publicación:
10.1016/j.exger.2020.111096
Keywords
Aging - Exercise - Fat Mass - Glucose Homeostasis - Lean Mass - Physical Performance - Sarcopenia - Cholesterol - Glucose - Insulin - Biomarkers - Cholesterol - Glucose - Insulin - Biological Marker - Adult - Aged - Aging - Article - Biochemical Analysis - Blood Sampling - Body Building - Body Mass - Cholesterol Blood Level - Comparative Study - Dual Energy X Ray Absorptiometry - Experimental Study - Fasting - Fat Mass - Functional Status - Glucose Blood Level - Glucose Homeostasis - High Intensity Interval Training - Homeostasis Model Assessment - Human - Insulin Blood Level - Lean Body Weight - Leg Muscle - Lipid Homeostasis - Male - Maximal Oxygen Uptake - Muscle Strength - Physical Performance - Priority Journal - Scoring System - Short Physical Performance Battery - Timed Up And Go Test - Adolescent - Body Composition - Body Equilibrium - Task Performance - Very Elderly - Adolescent - Aged - Aged, 80 And Over - Biomarkers - Body Composition - High-intensity Interval Training - Humans - Male - Postural Balance - Time And Motion Studies
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Abstract
Background: The aim of the following study was to identify the effects of a 12-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program on the modification of parameters of body composition, functional capacity as well as lipid and glucose homeostasis markers in healthy young people versus older adults. Design: Experimental trial. Methods: Healthy young (YNG, 21 ± 1 years, BMI 26.01 ± 2.64 kg·m-2, n = 10) and older (OLD, 66 ± 5 years, BMI 27.43 ± 3.11 kg·m-2, n = 10) males were subjected to 12 weeks of HIIT. Prior to and immediately after the HIIT program, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, dominant leg strength one-repetition maximum (1-RM), maximal oxygen uptake (VO<inf>2max</inf>) and physical performance tests were performed. Blood samples were also taken. Results: Flexibility (P = 0.000), static balance (P = 0.004), timed up and go test (TUG) (P = 0.015), short physical performance battery (SPPB) (P = 0.005), dominant leg strength 1-RM (P = 0.012), and VO<inf>2max</inf> (P = 0.000) were better in YNG versus OLD. HIIT improved the % whole-body fat mass (P = 0.031), leg lean mass (P = 0.047), dominant leg strength 1-RM (P = 0.025), VO<inf>2max</inf> (P = 0.000), fasting cholesterol (P = 0.017) and fasting glucose (P = 0.006). TUG was improved by the training only in the OLD group (P = 0.016), but insulin (P = 0.002) and the homeostasis model assessment - insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS) (P = 0.000) decreased only in the YNG group. HOMA-IS was correlated positive with BMI (R = 0.474, P = 0.035) and with whole-body fat mass (R = 0.517, P = 0.019). Conclusions: HIIT for 12 weeks improves parameters of body composition, functional capacity and fasting serum lipid and glucose homeostasis markers in healthy young and older participants. Young people are shown as benefiting more. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Description
Keywords
Aging , Exercise , Fat Mass , Glucose Homeostasis , Lean Mass , Physical Performance , Sarcopenia , Cholesterol , Glucose , Insulin , Biomarkers , Cholesterol , Glucose , Insulin , Biological Marker , Adult , Aged , Aging , Article , Biochemical Analysis , Blood Sampling , Body Building , Body Mass , Cholesterol Blood Level , Comparative Study , Dual Energy X Ray Absorptiometry , Experimental Study , Fasting , Fat Mass , Functional Status , Glucose Blood Level , Glucose Homeostasis , High Intensity Interval Training , Homeostasis Model Assessment , Human , Insulin Blood Level , Lean Body Weight , Leg Muscle , Lipid Homeostasis , Male , Maximal Oxygen Uptake , Muscle Strength , Physical Performance , Priority Journal , Scoring System , Short Physical Performance Battery , Timed Up And Go Test , Adolescent , Body Composition , Body Equilibrium , Task Performance , Very Elderly , Adolescent , Aged , Aged, 80 And Over , Biomarkers , Body Composition , High-intensity Interval Training , Humans , Male , Postural Balance , Time And Motion Studies
Citation
10.1016/j.exger.2020.111096