Inducción in vitro de callogénesis y organogénesis indirecta a partir de explantes de cotiledón, hipocótilo y hoja en Ugni molinae
Inducción in vitro de callogénesis y organogénesis indirecta a partir de explantes de cotiledón, hipocótilo y hoja en Ugni molinae
Authors
Authors
Date
2015-07-21
Datos de publicación:
Bosque (Valdivia), Vol.35, N°1, 111-118, 2014
Keywords
Murtilla - Callogénesis - Organogénesis
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Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue estimular la producción de callos, observar su tipología y respuesta organogénica bajo diferentes medios de inducción y de diferenciación en explantes de cotiledón, hipocótilo y hoja de Ugni molinae. Los mayores porcentajes de callos se lograron con cotiledones en un medio Murashige y Skoog (MS) suplementado con 0,5 mg L-1 de ácido naftalenacético (ANA), como también en explantes de hipocótilo con 1,0 y 5,0 mg L-1 de ANA, además del testigo (62, 62, 74 y 64 %, respectivamente). El mayor tamaño de callos se observó en cotiledones y el menor en hojas. Posteriormente, los callos fueron transferidos a un subcultivo sin reguladores de crecimiento, donde se observaron callos verdes, friables, compactos y fenólicos, obteniendo la mayor sobrevivencia en callos inducidos con 0,5 mg L-1 de ANA para cotiledón e hipocótilo y 1,0 mg L-1 de ANA en hoja. Finalmente, los callos derivados de estos tratamientos fueron cultivados en un medio de diferenciación con distintas concentraciones de ANA más 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP). La mayor respuesta caulogénica se logró en callos de cotiledones en un medio sin reguladores de crecimiento y la rizogénica en callos de hojas con 0,1 mg L-1 de ANA + 1,0 mg L-1 de BAP. Estos resultados indican que es posible estimular distintos tipos de callos y obtener raíces o brotes en U. molinae, lo que posibilita su uso potencial para la conservación, micropropagación y mejoramiento vegetal de una especie endémica.
The objective of this study was to stimulate the production of calluses, to observe its typologies and organogenic response under different induction and differentiation mediums in explants from cotyledons, hypocotyls and leaves of Ugni molinae. Higher callus production was obtained with cotyledons in a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), similar also in explants of hypocotyls with 1.0 and 5.0 mg L-1 ofNAA, and in the control (62, 62, 74 and 64 %, respectively). Larger sizes of calluses were observed in cotyledons and smaller in leaves. Later, calluses were transferred to subcultures without growth regulators, where they were observed green, friable, compact and phenolic, obtaining the higher survival rates in calluses induced with 0.5 mg L-1 of NAA for cotyledon and hypocotyl, and 1.0 mg L-1 of NAA in leaf. Finally, the calluses derived from these treatments were cultivated in a differentiation medium with different concentrations of NAA plus 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The best organogenic responses were achieved with cotyledons in a medium without growth regulators and the rhizogenic in leaves with 0.1 mg L-1 of NAA + 1.0 mg L-1 of BAP. These results indicate that it is possible to stimulate different types of calluses and to obtain roots or shoots in U. molinae, which makes it possible to potentially use this technique for the conservation, micro-propagation and plants breeding of an endemic plant species.
The objective of this study was to stimulate the production of calluses, to observe its typologies and organogenic response under different induction and differentiation mediums in explants from cotyledons, hypocotyls and leaves of Ugni molinae. Higher callus production was obtained with cotyledons in a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), similar also in explants of hypocotyls with 1.0 and 5.0 mg L-1 ofNAA, and in the control (62, 62, 74 and 64 %, respectively). Larger sizes of calluses were observed in cotyledons and smaller in leaves. Later, calluses were transferred to subcultures without growth regulators, where they were observed green, friable, compact and phenolic, obtaining the higher survival rates in calluses induced with 0.5 mg L-1 of NAA for cotyledon and hypocotyl, and 1.0 mg L-1 of NAA in leaf. Finally, the calluses derived from these treatments were cultivated in a differentiation medium with different concentrations of NAA plus 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The best organogenic responses were achieved with cotyledons in a medium without growth regulators and the rhizogenic in leaves with 0.1 mg L-1 of NAA + 1.0 mg L-1 of BAP. These results indicate that it is possible to stimulate different types of calluses and to obtain roots or shoots in U. molinae, which makes it possible to potentially use this technique for the conservation, micro-propagation and plants breeding of an endemic plant species.