Araucanía – Comahue: un espacio transnacional de migración en Chile y Argentina
Araucanía – Comahue: un espacio transnacional de migración en Chile y Argentina
Authors
Sanhueza Díaz, Lilian
Chávez Herting, Marisol
Douzet Carafí, María
Smythe Bendel, Milton
Chávez Herting, Marisol
Douzet Carafí, María
Smythe Bendel, Milton
Authors
Date
2019-08-05
Datos de publicación:
10.7770/0719-2789.2019.CUHSO.02.A04
Keywords
Migración transfronteriza - Política migratoria - Espacio transnacional
Collections
Abstract
Este artículo expone las características de la migración transfronteriza en el territorio Araucanía–Comahue, ubicado en la frontera sur de Chile y Argentina. Hoy en día es conocido como corredor, denominación dada en el marco de políticas de desarrollo impulsadas por los Estados-nación a espacios marginales anexados tardíamente al territorio nacional. Pero cabe destacar que ya en el siglo XVII, este espacio comunicaba y vinculaba a los habitantes del Wallmapu de cada lado de la cordillera de los Andes. Así, el objetivo es
describir la movilidad humana indígena documentada por la historiografía y las dinámicas y prácticas transnacionales que se rescatan de las experiencias
relatadas por chilenos y argentinos que migraron en esta zona desde mediados de siglo XX y que han utilizado las mismas rutas de los pueblos originarios. La información recabada muestra que esta migración transfronteriza es un fenómeno histórico y vigente que hoy impone desafíos al Estado. Por ello, se propone la noción de corredor humano Araucanía–Comahue que critica y complementa la actual idea de corredor. Si bien ésta reconoce el intercambio histórico, se focaliza en el desarrollo económico y el intercambio de bienes, sin atender a las características de la movilidad humana, las razones históricas de su circulación, las motivaciones actuales y, por ende, las condiciones necesarias para favorecer la calidad de vida de quienes transitan a través del macizo cordillerano
This article explains the characteristics of transborder migration in the Araucanía-Comahue territory, located at the southern border of Chile and Argentina. Nowadays this territory is known as corridor, a name given in the framework of development policies promoted by nation-states to marginal spaces that had a late annexation to the national territory. But it should be noted that, already in the seventeenth century, this space communicated and linked the inhabitants of the Wallmapu on each side of the Andes Mountains. So, the objective is to describe the indigenous human mobility documented by historiography and the transnational dynamics and practices that are rescued from the experiences reported by Chileans and Argentines who migrated in this area since the mid-twentieth century and who have used the same routes of the native people. The information collected shows that this transborder migration is a historical and current phenomenon that imposes challenges to the State today. That’s why the notion of the Araucanía-Comahue human corridor is proposed, which criticizes and complements the current idea of corridor. Although the latter recognizes the historical exchange, it focuses on economic development and exchanges of goods, without taking into account the characteristics of human mobility, the historical reasons of its circulation, the current motivations and, therefore, the necessary conditions to favor the quality of life of those who travel through the mountain range
This article explains the characteristics of transborder migration in the Araucanía-Comahue territory, located at the southern border of Chile and Argentina. Nowadays this territory is known as corridor, a name given in the framework of development policies promoted by nation-states to marginal spaces that had a late annexation to the national territory. But it should be noted that, already in the seventeenth century, this space communicated and linked the inhabitants of the Wallmapu on each side of the Andes Mountains. So, the objective is to describe the indigenous human mobility documented by historiography and the transnational dynamics and practices that are rescued from the experiences reported by Chileans and Argentines who migrated in this area since the mid-twentieth century and who have used the same routes of the native people. The information collected shows that this transborder migration is a historical and current phenomenon that imposes challenges to the State today. That’s why the notion of the Araucanía-Comahue human corridor is proposed, which criticizes and complements the current idea of corridor. Although the latter recognizes the historical exchange, it focuses on economic development and exchanges of goods, without taking into account the characteristics of human mobility, the historical reasons of its circulation, the current motivations and, therefore, the necessary conditions to favor the quality of life of those who travel through the mountain range