In vitro fermentation patterns and methane output of perennial ryegrass differing in water-soluble carbohydrate and nitrogen concentrations
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Date
Authors
Jordana Rivero, M. Jordana
Keim, Juan Pablo
Balocchi, Óscar A.
Lee, M. R.F.
Keim, Juan Pablo
Balocchi, Óscar A.
Lee, M. R.F.
Authors
Date
Datos de publicación:
10.3390/ani10061076
Keywords
Defoliation Frequency - Fertilisation Rate - Greenhouse Gases - High Sugar Grass - Nutrient Use Efficiency - Volatile Fatty Acids - Acetic Acid - Butyric Acid - Hemicellulose - Isobutyric Acid - Isovaleric Acid - Methane - Nitrogen - Propionic Acid - Protein - Valeric Acid - Acetic Acid - Butyric Acid - Carbohydrate - Hemicellulose - Isobutyric Acid - Isovaleric Acid - Methane - Nitrogen - Propionic Acid - Protein - Valeric Acid - Volatile Fatty Acid - Article - Carbon Footprint - Chemical Composition - Controlled Study - Digestion - Energy Yield - Fermentation - Forage - Gas Analysis - Gas Chromatography - Molecular Interaction - Nitrogen Utilization - Nonhuman - Nutritional Value - Perennial Ryegrass - Protein Synthesis - Rumen Fluid - Seasonal Variation - Water Solubility
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of perennial ryegrass (PRG) forages differing in their concentration of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and crude protein (CP), and collected in spring and autumn, on in vitro rumen fermentation variables, nitrogen (N) metabolism indicators and methane (CH<inf>4</inf> ) output, using a batch culture system. Two contrasting PRG pastures, sampled both in autumn and spring, were used: high (HS) and low (LS) sugar pastures with WSC concentrations of 322 and 343 g/kg for HS (autumn and spring), and 224 and 293 g/kg for LS in autumn and spring, respectively. Duplicates were incubated for 24 h with rumen inocula in three different days (blocks). Headspace gas pressure was measured at 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 18, and 24 h, and CH<inf>4</inf> concentration was determined. The supernatants were analysed for individual volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations, and NH<inf>3</inf>-N. The solid residue was analysed for total N and neutral detergent insoluble N. Another set of duplicates was incubated for 4 h for VFA and NH<inf>3</inf>-N determination. The HS produced more gas (218 vs. 204 mL/g OM), tended to increase total VFA production (52.0 mM vs. 49.5 mM at 24 h), reduced the acetate:propionate ratio (2.52 vs. 3.20 at 4 h and 2.85 vs. 3.19 at 24 h) and CH<inf>4</inf> production relative to total gas production (15.6 vs. 16.8 mL/100 mL) and, improved N use efficiency (22.1 vs. 20.9). The contrasting chemical composition modified in vitro rumen fermentation tending to increase total VFA production, reduce the acetate:propionate ratio and CH<inf>4</inf> concentration, and improve N use efficiency through lower rumen NH<inf>3</inf>-N. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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Keywords
Defoliation Frequency , Fertilisation Rate , Greenhouse Gases , High Sugar Grass , Nutrient Use Efficiency , Volatile Fatty Acids , Acetic Acid , Butyric Acid , Hemicellulose , Isobutyric Acid , Isovaleric Acid , Methane , Nitrogen , Propionic Acid , Protein , Valeric Acid , Acetic Acid , Butyric Acid , Carbohydrate , Hemicellulose , Isobutyric Acid , Isovaleric Acid , Methane , Nitrogen , Propionic Acid , Protein , Valeric Acid , Volatile Fatty Acid , Article , Carbon Footprint , Chemical Composition , Controlled Study , Digestion , Energy Yield , Fermentation , Forage , Gas Analysis , Gas Chromatography , Molecular Interaction , Nitrogen Utilization , Nonhuman , Nutritional Value , Perennial Ryegrass , Protein Synthesis , Rumen Fluid , Seasonal Variation , Water Solubility
Citation
10.3390/ani10061076