Structure, diversity, and environmental determinants of high-latitude threatened conifer forests
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Date
Authors
DE LOS RIOS ESCALANTE, PATRICIO RENE
Esse, Carlos
Correa-Araneda, F. J.
Acuña, Cristian
Santander-Massa, Rodrigo
De Los Ríos Escalante, Patricio R.
Saavedra, Pablo
Jaque-Jaramillo, Ximena
Moreno García, Roberto A.
García-Meneses, Paola Massyel
Soto, Daniel P.
Esse, Carlos
Correa-Araneda, F. J.
Acuña, Cristian
Santander-Massa, Rodrigo
De Los Ríos Escalante, Patricio R.
Saavedra, Pablo
Jaque-Jaramillo, Ximena
Moreno García, Roberto A.
García-Meneses, Paola Massyel
Soto, Daniel P.
Authors
Date
Datos de publicación:
10.3390/f12060775
Keywords
Biodiversity Indexes - Kawésqar National Park - Patagonia - Pilgerodendron Uviferum - Soilgrids - Sub-antarctic - Worldclim - Conservation - Glacial Geology - Groundwater - Soil Moisture - Topography - Competitive Effects - Conservation Programs - Environmental Conditions - Environmental Determinants - Environmental Matrixes - Environmental Variables - High Water Table - Local Topography - Forestry - Biodiversity - Coniferous Forest - Environmental Conditions - Organic Matter - Soil Water - Tree - Water Table - Islands - Organic Matter - Trees - Variables - Water Table - Patagonia - Coniferophyta - Pilgerodendron Uviferum
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Abstract
Pilgerodendron uviferum (D. Don) Florin is an endemic, threatened conifer that grows in South America. In the sub-Antarctic territory, one of the most isolated places in the world, some forest patches remain untouched since the last glaciation. In this study, we analyze the tree structure and tree diversity and characterize the environmental conditions where P. uviferum-dominated stands develop within the Magellanic islands in Kawésqar National Park, Chile. An environmental matrix using the databases WorldClim and SoilGrids and local topography variables was used to identify the main environmental variables that explain the P. uviferum-dominated stands. PCA was used to reduce the environmental variables, and PERMANOVA and nMDS were used to evaluate differences among forest communities. The results show that two forest communities are present within the Magellanic islands. Both forest communities share the fact that they can persist over time due to the high water table that limits the competitive effect from other tree species less tolerant to high soil water table and organic matter. Our results contribute to knowledge of the species environmental preference and design conservation programs. © 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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Keywords
Biodiversity Indexes , Kawésqar National Park , Patagonia , Pilgerodendron Uviferum , Soilgrids , Sub-antarctic , Worldclim , Conservation , Glacial Geology , Groundwater , Soil Moisture , Topography , Competitive Effects , Conservation Programs , Environmental Conditions , Environmental Determinants , Environmental Matrixes , Environmental Variables , High Water Table , Local Topography , Forestry , Biodiversity , Coniferous Forest , Environmental Conditions , Organic Matter , Soil Water , Tree , Water Table , Islands , Organic Matter , Trees , Variables , Water Table , Patagonia , Coniferophyta , Pilgerodendron Uviferum
Citation
10.3390/f12060775