Synthesis of carbon nanotubes using biochar as precursor material under microwave irradiation
Date
Authors
Hildago-Oporto, Pamela
Navia, Rodrigo
Hunter, Renato A.
Coronado, G.
González, María Eugenia
Navia, Rodrigo
Hunter, Renato A.
Coronado, G.
González, María Eugenia
Authors
Date
Datos de publicación:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.082
Keywords
Agroindustrial Wastes - Lignocellulosic Biomass - Microwave Assisted Heating - Pyrolysis - Carbon - Cellulose - Charcoal - Ferrocene - Hemicellulose - Lignin - Biochar - Charcoal - Nanotubes, Carbon - Carbon Nanotubes - High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy - Iron Compounds - Light Scattering - Microwave Irradiation - Organometallics - Physicochemical Properties - Porous Materials - Pyrolysis - Ultraviolet Visible Spectroscopy - A-carbon - Agro-industrial Wastes - Biochar - Carbon Rich - Lignocellulosic Biomass - Microwave Assisted Heating - Microwave- Irradiations - Precursor Materials - Synthesised - Wheat Straws - Biomass - Biochar - Carbon - Carbon Nanotube - Cellulose - Charcoal - Ferrocene - Hemicellulose - Lignin - Unclassified Drug - Biomass - Concentration (composition) - Heating - Hydrodynamics - Microwave Limb Sounder - Microwave Radiation - Pyrolysis - Thermochemistry - Waste - Agro-industrial Waste - Article - Chemical Composition - Clinical Evaluation - Concentration Process - Hazelnut - Microwave Irradiation - Oat - Particle Size - Pastry - Photon Correlation Spectroscopy - Physical Chemistry - Raman Spectrometry - Synthesis - Temperature - Transmission Electron Microscopy - Ultraviolet Visible Spectroscopy - Brassica Napus - Corylus - Triticum Aestivum - Charcoal - Microwaves - Nanotubes, Carbon
Collections
Abstract
Biochar is a carbon-rich porous material obtained by the thermochemical treatment of biomass. Biochar presents a suitable composition as precursor material for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) growth, and can be used as a sustainable alternative in the valorization of biomass. In this study, the synthesis of CNTs using biochar as biological precursor material is presented. CNTs were synthesized using a mixture of biochar and ferrocene including microwave assisted heating. Biochar samples used in the synthesis of CNTs were obtained from agroindustrial waste such as wheat straw, oat hulls, rapeseed cake and hazelnut hulls pyrolyzed at 400 °C and 600 °C. Synthesized CNTs were examined by dynamic light scattering, UV-VIS spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that the physicochemical properties of CNTs were influenced by pyrolysis temperature of biomass. Biochars obtained at 600 °C produced higher CNTs concentration and smaller hydrodynamic diameter. Moreover, CNTs synthesized from biochar of hazelnut hulls and wheat straw show a higher degree of wall graphitization, suggesting superior CNT quality. The results of this study show the feasible production of CNTs using biochar as precursor material. © 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Description
Keywords
Agroindustrial Wastes , Lignocellulosic Biomass , Microwave Assisted Heating , Pyrolysis , Carbon , Cellulose , Charcoal , Ferrocene , Hemicellulose , Lignin , Biochar , Charcoal , Nanotubes, Carbon , Carbon Nanotubes , High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy , Iron Compounds , Light Scattering , Microwave Irradiation , Organometallics , Physicochemical Properties , Porous Materials , Pyrolysis , Ultraviolet Visible Spectroscopy , A-carbon , Agro-industrial Wastes , Biochar , Carbon Rich , Lignocellulosic Biomass , Microwave Assisted Heating , Microwave- Irradiations , Precursor Materials , Synthesised , Wheat Straws , Biomass , Biochar , Carbon , Carbon Nanotube , Cellulose , Charcoal , Ferrocene , Hemicellulose , Lignin , Unclassified Drug , Biomass , Concentration (composition) , Heating , Hydrodynamics , Microwave Limb Sounder , Microwave Radiation , Pyrolysis , Thermochemistry , Waste , Agro-industrial Waste , Article , Chemical Composition , Clinical Evaluation , Concentration Process , Hazelnut , Microwave Irradiation , Oat , Particle Size , Pastry , Photon Correlation Spectroscopy , Physical Chemistry , Raman Spectrometry , Synthesis , Temperature , Transmission Electron Microscopy , Ultraviolet Visible Spectroscopy , Brassica Napus , Corylus , Triticum Aestivum , Charcoal , Microwaves , Nanotubes, Carbon
Citation
10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.082