Educación Intercultural Bilingüe en La Araucanía: principales limitaciones epistemológicas
Educación Intercultural Bilingüe en La Araucanía: principales limitaciones epistemológicas
Authors
Arias Ortega, Katerin
Quilaqueo Rapimán, Daniel
Quintriqueo Millán, Segundo
Quilaqueo Rapimán, Daniel
Quintriqueo Millán, Segundo
Authors
Date
Datos de publicación:
10.1590/S1678-4634201945192645
Keywords
Educación Intercultural - Desafíos epistémicos - Epistemología contextual
Collections
Abstract
El tema central del artículo es una revisión del estado de arte de la educación intercultural, sustentado en las siguientes interrogantes: ¿La educación intercultural bilingüe responde a las demandas del pueblo mapuche en relación a una educación con pertinencia sociocultural?, ¿Considera otras reivindicaciones de tipo política y económica que surgen desde el Estado chileno? El objetivo es develar los alcances y limitaciones epistemológicas de la educación intercultural en La Araucanía. La metodología consistió en una revisión de la literatura normativa y científica a nivel nacional e internacional, para lograr una comprensión y explicación del problema. El enfoque teórico es la interculturalidad crítica en educación. Se concluye que para avanzar en una educación intercultural desde una epistemología contextual es necesario: 1) generar espacios en la institución escolar para la co-construcción de materiales didácticos que sistematicen contenidos educativos propios, con el apoyo de profesores, familia y comunidad; 2) incorporar métodos educativos mapuches propios en la implementación de la educación intercultural; 3) favorecer el trabajo colaborativo con los miembros de la comunidad que tienen conocimientos sobre oficios, para articular el conocimiento teórico y práctico en la sala de clases, desde la mirada indígena-occidental; y 4) promover procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje que se realicen a partir de actividades de indagación tanto en la comunidad como en la familia y en la escuela.
The core topic of the article is a review of the state of the art of intercultural education, based on the following questions: Does intercultural bilingual education respond to the demands of the Mapuche people in relation to a sociocuturally relevant education? Does it consider other political and economic demands that arise from the Chilean State? The objective is to reveal the scope and epistemological limitations of intercultural education in La Araucanía. The methodology consisted of a review of the normative and scientific literature at a national and international level, to achieve an understanding and explanation of the problem. The theoretical approach is critical interculturality in education. It is concluded that to advance intercultural education from a contextual epistemology it is necessary 1) to create spaces in the schools for the co-construction of teaching materials that systematize their own educational content, with the support of teachers, family, and community; 2) to incorporate Mapuche educational methods of their own in the implementation of intercultural education; 3) to promote collaborative work with community members who have knowledge of trades, in order to articulate the theoretical and practical learning in the classroom, from the western-indigenous perspective; y 4) to promote teaching-learning processes that are built on research activities both in the community, in the family, and at school.
The core topic of the article is a review of the state of the art of intercultural education, based on the following questions: Does intercultural bilingual education respond to the demands of the Mapuche people in relation to a sociocuturally relevant education? Does it consider other political and economic demands that arise from the Chilean State? The objective is to reveal the scope and epistemological limitations of intercultural education in La Araucanía. The methodology consisted of a review of the normative and scientific literature at a national and international level, to achieve an understanding and explanation of the problem. The theoretical approach is critical interculturality in education. It is concluded that to advance intercultural education from a contextual epistemology it is necessary 1) to create spaces in the schools for the co-construction of teaching materials that systematize their own educational content, with the support of teachers, family, and community; 2) to incorporate Mapuche educational methods of their own in the implementation of intercultural education; 3) to promote collaborative work with community members who have knowledge of trades, in order to articulate the theoretical and practical learning in the classroom, from the western-indigenous perspective; y 4) to promote teaching-learning processes that are built on research activities both in the community, in the family, and at school.
Description
Obra realizada gracias a los siguientes proyectos: Programme des futurs leaders dans les Amériques (PFLA) del Gobierno de Canadá, y proyecto Fondecyt N°1181314 y
N°118153