¿Cuánto resiste la memoria? Destrucción y patrimonialización de la Villa San Luis de Las Condes
¿Cuánto resiste la memoria? Destrucción y patrimonialización de la Villa San Luis de Las Condes
Authors
Bustamante, Javiera
Profesor Guía
Authors
Date
2023
Datos de publicación:
10.7770/CUHSO-V33N2-ART603
Cultura, Hombre, Sociedad (CUHSO), Vol.33, N°2, 66-101, 2023
Cultura, Hombre, Sociedad (CUHSO), Vol.33, N°2, 66-101, 2023
Tipo de recurso
Artículo de Revista
Keywords
Derechos humanos - Memorialización - Patrimonialización - Patrimonio fisurado - Villa San Luis de Las Condes
Materia geográfica
Chile
Collections
Abstract
El artículo busca comprender los procesos de destrucción y patrimonialización de la villa San Luis de Las Condes de Santiago de Chile, entre 1976 y la actualidad, desde una perspectiva historiográfica y antropológica. A partir de la revisión de bibliografía, prensa, fuentes oficiales y archivos personales, y la realización de entrevistas y observaciones en terreno, se analiza de manera crítica el desalojo forzoso de los pobladores de la villa durante la dictadura cívico militar de Augusto Pinochet –en un violento y poco estudiado episodio de violación a los Derechos Humanos en materia de vivienda–, y la destrucción y conversión de gran parte del sector en un lujoso distrito económico, al calor de la consolidación del régimen económico neoliberal. Se releva la importancia de la acción organizada de los ex pobladores en la defensa y activación patrimonial de los vestigios de la villa –que permitieron su declaratoria como Monumento Histórico en 2017–, y en la controversial puesta en valor del sitio como lugar de memoria en los últimos años. El estudio pretende ser un aporte a la reflexión teórica y un seguimiento actualizado a las disputas patrimoniales suscitadas en torno al proyecto de intervención, memorialización y musealización de las ruinas de la villa, patrimonio de los Derechos Humanos e hito urbano que, desde su materialidad desintegrada y fisurada, sostiene la memoria de un pasado traumático para los ex pobladores del conjunto habitacional, y, al mismo tiempo, resiste al olvido y a la presión de grupos económicos.
This article seeks to understand the processes of destruction and patrimonialization of the villa San Luis de Las Condes in Santiago de Chile from a historiographical and anthropological perspective, between 1976 and the present. Based on a review of literature, press, official sources, and personal archives, as well as interviews and on-site observations, this article critically analyzes the forced eviction of the residents of the villa during the civic-mili-tary dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet –which is a violent and under-studied episode of human rights violation in the housing sector–, and the destruction and transformation of a significant part of the sector into a luxurious economic district, in the context of the merging of the neoliberal economic regime. This article highlights the importance of the organized action of the former resi-dents in defending and activating the heritage of the villa’s vestiges –which led to its declaration as a Historical Monument in 2017–, and the controversial valorization of the site as a place of memory in recent years. The study aims to contribute to theoretical reflection and updated monitoring of the heritage disputes surrounding the intervention, memorialization, and musealization projects of the villa’s ruins. As well as the heritage of Human Rights and ur-ban landmark that, despite its disintegrated and fissured materiality, sustains the memory of a traumatic past for the former inhabitants of the residential complex. And, at the same time, resists oblivion and the pressure of economic groups.
This article seeks to understand the processes of destruction and patrimonialization of the villa San Luis de Las Condes in Santiago de Chile from a historiographical and anthropological perspective, between 1976 and the present. Based on a review of literature, press, official sources, and personal archives, as well as interviews and on-site observations, this article critically analyzes the forced eviction of the residents of the villa during the civic-mili-tary dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet –which is a violent and under-studied episode of human rights violation in the housing sector–, and the destruction and transformation of a significant part of the sector into a luxurious economic district, in the context of the merging of the neoliberal economic regime. This article highlights the importance of the organized action of the former resi-dents in defending and activating the heritage of the villa’s vestiges –which led to its declaration as a Historical Monument in 2017–, and the controversial valorization of the site as a place of memory in recent years. The study aims to contribute to theoretical reflection and updated monitoring of the heritage disputes surrounding the intervention, memorialization, and musealization projects of the villa’s ruins. As well as the heritage of Human Rights and ur-ban landmark that, despite its disintegrated and fissured materiality, sustains the memory of a traumatic past for the former inhabitants of the residential complex. And, at the same time, resists oblivion and the pressure of economic groups.