Microclimate, an important part of ecology and biogeography

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Authors
Kemppinen, Julia
Lembrechts, Jonas J.
Van Meerbeek, Koenraad
Carnicer, Jofre
Chardon, Nathalie Isabelle
Kardol, Paul
Lenoir, Jonathan
Liu, Daijun
Maclean, Ilya
Pergl, Jan
Saccone, Patrick
Senior, Rebecca A.
Shen, Ting
Slowinska, Sandra
Vandvik, Vigdis
von Oppen, Jonathan
Aalto, Juha
Ayalew, Biruk
Bates, Olivia
Bertelsmeier, Cleo
Bertrand, Romain
Beugnon, Remy
Borderieux, Jeremy
Bruna, Josef
Buckley, Lauren
Bujan, Jelena
Casanova Katny, Angelica
Christiansen, Ditte Marie
Collart, Flavien
De Lombaerde, Emiel
De Pauw, Karen
Depauw, Leen
Di Musciano, Michele
Borrego, Raquel Diaz
Diaz Calafat, Joan
Ellis Soto, Diego
Esteban, Raquel
de Jong, Geerte Faelthammar
Gallois, Elise
Garcia, Maria Begona
Gillerot, Loic
Greiser, Caroline
Gril, Eva
Haesen, Stef
Hampe, Arndt
Hedwall, Per Ola
Hes, Gabriel
Hespanhol, Helena
Hoffren, Raul
Hylander, Kristoffer
Jimenez Alfaro, Borja
Jucker, Tommaso
Klinges, David
Kolstela, Joonas
Kopecky, Martin
Kovacs, Bence
Maeda, Eduardo Eiji
Malis, Frantisek
Man, Matej
Mathiak, Corrie
Meineri, Eric
Naujokaitis Lewis, Ilona
Nijs, Ivan
Normand, Signe
Nunez, Martin
Orczewska, Anna
Pena Aguilera, Pablo
Pincebourde, Sylvain
Plichta, Roman
Quick, Susan
Renault, David
Ricci, Lorenzo
Rissanen, Tuuli
Segura Hernandez, Laura
Selvi, Federico
Serra Diaz, Josep M.
Soifer, Lydia
Spicher, Fabien
Svenning, Jens Christian
Tamian, Anouch
Thomaes, Arno
Thoonen, Marijke
Trew, Brittany
Van de Vondel, Stijn
van den Brink, Liesbeth
Vangansbeke, Pieter
Verdonck, Sanne
Vitkova, Michaela
Vives Ingla, Maria
von Schmalensee, Loke
Wang, Runxi
Wild, Jan
Williamson, Joseph
Zellweger, Florian
Zhou, Xiaqu
Zuza, Emmanuel Junior
De Frenne, Pieter
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GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY,Vol.,2024
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Abstract
Brief introduction: What are microclimates and why are they important?Microclimate science has developed into a global discipline. Microclimate science is increasingly used to understand and mitigate climate and biodiversity shifts. Here, we provide an overview of the current status of microclimate ecology and biogeography in terrestrial ecosystems, and where this field is heading next.Microclimate investigations in ecology and biogeographyWe highlight the latest research on interactions between microclimates and organisms, including how microclimates influence individuals, and through them populations, communities and entire ecosystems and their processes. We also briefly discuss recent research on how organisms shape microclimates from the tropics to the poles.Microclimate applications in ecosystem managementMicroclimates are also important in ecosystem management under climate change. We showcase new research in microclimate management with examples from biodiversity conservation, forestry and urban ecology. We discuss the importance of microrefugia in conservation and how to promote microclimate heterogeneity.Methods for microclimate scienceWe showcase the recent advances in data acquisition, such as novel field sensors and remote sensing methods. We discuss microclimate modelling, mapping and data processing, including accessibility of modelling tools, advantages of mechanistic and statistical modelling and solutions for computational challenges that have pushed the state-of-the-art of the field.What's next?We identify major knowledge gaps that need to be filled for further advancing microclimate investigations, applications and methods. These gaps include spatiotemporal scaling of microclimate data, mismatches between macroclimate and microclimate in predicting responses of organisms to climate change, and the need for more evidence on the outcomes of microclimate management.
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