La construcción del cuerpo del SIDA y sus estigmas
La construcción del cuerpo del SIDA y sus estigmas
Authors
Obando Cid, Augusto
Vásquez Palma, Olga
Vásquez Palma, Olga
Authors
Date
2020
Datos de publicación:
Polis, Vol. 19, N° 55, 86-99, 2020
Keywords
Discursos - SIDA - Cuerpo - Estigma
Collections
Abstract
En este artículo se asume que el cuerpo excluido y sufriente es construido por la estructura social en connivencia con el sujeto y los colectivos que la componen. Aquellos que sufren no logran incluirse en el modelo impuesto, su ser es preso por una construcción cultural que lo limita. En Chile, en la década de los 80 - etapa de consolidación del modelo político-económico neoliberal- se inicia la construcción de un particular sujeto de peligro asociado a una pandemia mundial, que denominaremos el cuerpo del SIDA. Cuerpo objeto de sufrimiento y exclusión, que trasciende al enemigo interno terrorista, y cuya aparición fue posicionada en el márgen de la sociedad. El presente texto da cuenta de la construccion del cuerpo del SIDA y sus estigmas, a través de la revision de la prensa escrita, entre julio- agosto de 1984, cuando aparece el primer caso en Chile. El articulo explora la relación entre regímenes de visibilidad de los cuerpos en el contexto social, evidenciados en medios de comunicación y el discurso biomédico, exhibidos para aterrorizar y justificar su destrucción. Se describe el mercado del estigma y los alcances de la gestión del cuerpo terrorista en el contexto del capitalismo en clave neoliberal (biocapitalismo). Se evidencia la situación cotidiana de la violencia contra los cuerpos estigmatizados, negados e invisibilizados, expuestos solo para que la sociedad, conozca el terror de unirse a esos cuerpos que traen inscrita su aniquilación.
In this article it is assumed that the excluded and suffering body is constructed by the social structure in collusion with the subject and the groups that compose it. Those who suffer do not manage to include themselves in the imposed model, their being is imprisoned by a cultural construction that limits it. In Chile, in the 1980s -during the period of consolidation of the neo-liberal political and economic model- the construction of a particular subject of danger associated with a global pandemic began, which we call the body of AIDS. Body subject of suffering and exclusion; it transcends the internal terrorist enemy, and it whose appearance was positioned on the margin of society.This text gives account of the construction of AIDS body and its stigmas, through the revision of written press, between July-August 1984, when the first case in Chile appears.The article explores the relationship between regimes of visibility of bodies in the social context, evidenced in the media and by biomedical discourse, exhibited to terrorize and to justify their destruction. It is a description the market of stigma and the scope of the management of the terrorist body in the context of capitalism in a neoliberal key (biocapitalism). The daily situation of violence against stigmatized, denied and invisible bodies, exposed only only so that society knows the terror of joining those bodies that have their annihilation registered.
In this article it is assumed that the excluded and suffering body is constructed by the social structure in collusion with the subject and the groups that compose it. Those who suffer do not manage to include themselves in the imposed model, their being is imprisoned by a cultural construction that limits it. In Chile, in the 1980s -during the period of consolidation of the neo-liberal political and economic model- the construction of a particular subject of danger associated with a global pandemic began, which we call the body of AIDS. Body subject of suffering and exclusion; it transcends the internal terrorist enemy, and it whose appearance was positioned on the margin of society.This text gives account of the construction of AIDS body and its stigmas, through the revision of written press, between July-August 1984, when the first case in Chile appears.The article explores the relationship between regimes of visibility of bodies in the social context, evidenced in the media and by biomedical discourse, exhibited to terrorize and to justify their destruction. It is a description the market of stigma and the scope of the management of the terrorist body in the context of capitalism in a neoliberal key (biocapitalism). The daily situation of violence against stigmatized, denied and invisible bodies, exposed only only so that society knows the terror of joining those bodies that have their annihilation registered.