Luces y sombras en la jurisprudencia: la invocación del elemento espiritual de la tierra de la Comunidades Indígenas
Luces y sombras en la jurisprudencia: la invocación del elemento espiritual de la tierra de la Comunidades Indígenas
Authors
Iglesias Vázquez, María del Ángel
Authors
Date
Datos de publicación:
10.7770/2452-610X.2020.CUHSO.01.A11
Keywords
Derecho de la tierra - Derechos Humanos - Pueblos indígenas - Espiritualidad
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Abstract
El trabajo “Luces y sombras en la jurisprudencia: la invocación del elemento espiritual de la tierra de las Comunidades Indígenas” analiza y trata de poner de relieve la diferencia habida entre los pronunciamientos de las instancias regionales americana, europea y africana ante las cuales, las comunidades indígenas (CCII) han acudido cuando se ha producido la vulneración de sus derechos, en concreto el de la propiedad de las tierras ancestrales cuya dimensión y significado no sólo es material sino eminentemente espiritual. A fin de llegar a la conclusión que da título al trabajo se estudian las peticiones y consiguientes decisiones de las cortes regionales desde la década de los ochenta del pasado siglo XX hasta la actualidad, si bien inevitablemente en el caso europeo se mencionan las tomadas localmente y por el Comité de Derechos Humanos de la ONU. La presente aportación tiene ante todo un propósito comparativo entre cortes regionales y así, si en los asuntos planteados por los samis en sede judicial europea una sombra parece cernirse en la jurisprudencia regional, una luz aparece en las instancias africana e interamericana. El elemento espiritual de la tierra es una constante en las peticiones y decisiones que las CCII han planteado en estas dos sedes regionales, lo que contrasta con las presentadas ante el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Así, en esta aportación se pretende constatar que no sólo las decisiones pronunciadas sino el contenido o fondo de las demandas planteadas, el cómo proceden a plantear la vulneración del derecho a sus tierras, difieren significativamente. Para ello se recurre a un método analítico tanto de las solicitudes como del resultado de estas lo que se completa con las pertinentes aportaciones doctrinales
The paper "Lights and shadows in the Jurisprudence: invoking the spiritual dimension of the land of the Indigenous Peoples” analyses and tries to highlight the difference between the judgements of the American, European and African regional instances before which the indigenous peoples (PPII) have brought their cases when their rights have been violated, in particular that of the ownership of ancestral lands whose dimension and meaning is not only material but eminently spiritual. In order to reach the conclusion that gives title to this work, the applications and consequent decisions of the regional courts from the 1980s of the last century to the present are studied, although inevitably in the European scenario, those taken locally and by the UN Human Rights Committee are mentioned. This contribution is primarily intended to compare regional courts, so that if a shadow seems to be cast over the cases brought by the Sami before of the European court, a light appears in the African and Inter-American courts. The spiritual element of the land is a constant in the claims and decisions that the PPIIs have filed at these two regional venues, which contrasts with those filed at the European Court of Human Rights. Thus, this contribution seeks to show that not only the decisions pronounced, but also the content or substance of the claims presented, and the way in which they proceed to raise the violation of the right to their lands, differ significantly. To this end, an analytical method is used for both the applications and the results of these, which is completed with the pertinent doctrinal contributions
The paper "Lights and shadows in the Jurisprudence: invoking the spiritual dimension of the land of the Indigenous Peoples” analyses and tries to highlight the difference between the judgements of the American, European and African regional instances before which the indigenous peoples (PPII) have brought their cases when their rights have been violated, in particular that of the ownership of ancestral lands whose dimension and meaning is not only material but eminently spiritual. In order to reach the conclusion that gives title to this work, the applications and consequent decisions of the regional courts from the 1980s of the last century to the present are studied, although inevitably in the European scenario, those taken locally and by the UN Human Rights Committee are mentioned. This contribution is primarily intended to compare regional courts, so that if a shadow seems to be cast over the cases brought by the Sami before of the European court, a light appears in the African and Inter-American courts. The spiritual element of the land is a constant in the claims and decisions that the PPIIs have filed at these two regional venues, which contrasts with those filed at the European Court of Human Rights. Thus, this contribution seeks to show that not only the decisions pronounced, but also the content or substance of the claims presented, and the way in which they proceed to raise the violation of the right to their lands, differ significantly. To this end, an analytical method is used for both the applications and the results of these, which is completed with the pertinent doctrinal contributions