Objeción de conciencia empresarial y “guerra de religión” en los Estados Unidos. Reflexiones a partir de Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.
Objeción de conciencia empresarial y “guerra de religión” en los Estados Unidos. Reflexiones a partir de Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.
Authors
Vázquez Alonso, Víctor Javier
Authors
Date
2019-06-17
Datos de publicación:
Revista Chilena de Derecho y Ciencia Política, Vol. 9, N°1, 85-118, 2018
Keywords
Objeción de conciencia - Derechos reproductivos - Primera Enmienda USA
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Abstract
En este trabajo se analiza el debate actual existente en la doctrina norteamericana sobre la objeción de conciencia empresarial. Para ello, después de resumir la evolución de la doctrina judicial de la Free Exercise Clause en relación
a la objeción al cumplimiento de obligaciones legales, nos centraremos en la última jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema, en el caso Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., donde, sobre la base de la Religious Freedom Restauration Act federal, la mayoría del Tribunal reconoce el derecho de las empresas a eximirse de costear, dentro del seguro de sus trabajadoras, aquellos tratamientos anticonceptivos contrarios a su ideario religioso. Después de llevar a cabo una lectura crítica de esta jurisprudencia, en este trabajo se intentará valorar cuál puede ser la influencia de Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. en el debate más general y actual sobre si el derecho a la libertad religiosa de los empresarios puede ser un título legítimo para discriminar en el ámbito de prestación de sus servicios dentro del mercado
In this paper we analyze the current academic debate in the USA about corporate conscientious objection. To do this we first summarize the evolution of the judicial doctrine of the Free Exercise Clause in relation to the right of accommodation of religion. We then focus on the latest jurisprudence of the Supreme Court in Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., where, on the basis of the Federal Religious Freedom Restoration Act, the majority of the Court recognized the right of companies to claim exemption from paying for contraceptive treatments contrary to their religious ideology through the insurance of their employees. After a critical reading of this jurisprudence, we will try to assess the influence of Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. in the wider current debate on whether the right of employers to religious freedom can be a legitimate title to discriminate in the field of providing their services within the market
In this paper we analyze the current academic debate in the USA about corporate conscientious objection. To do this we first summarize the evolution of the judicial doctrine of the Free Exercise Clause in relation to the right of accommodation of religion. We then focus on the latest jurisprudence of the Supreme Court in Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., where, on the basis of the Federal Religious Freedom Restoration Act, the majority of the Court recognized the right of companies to claim exemption from paying for contraceptive treatments contrary to their religious ideology through the insurance of their employees. After a critical reading of this jurisprudence, we will try to assess the influence of Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. in the wider current debate on whether the right of employers to religious freedom can be a legitimate title to discriminate in the field of providing their services within the market