Consumo, actitudes hacia el endeudamiento, materialismo e influencia de pares en adolescentes rurales del sur de Chile

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dc.contributor.authorBarros Bustos, Solange
dc.contributor.authorDenegri Coria, Marianela
dc.contributor.authorSalazar Valenzuela, Pamela
dc.coverageChile
dc.date2019
dc.date.accessioned2021-04-30T16:35:24Z
dc.date.available2021-04-30T16:35:24Z
dc.descriptionEstudio desarrollado con el financiamiento de proyecto FONDECYT 1150665 (Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico)
dc.description.abstractEn la actualidad, los temas de carácter económico y financiero se han convertido en tópicos de gran importancia social, considerando los conceptos teóricos, las habilidades y actitudes que una persona debe poseer para desenvolverse de manera adecuada en una sociedad dominada por el consumo. Esta investigación tiene como principal objetivo describir las prácticas de consumo y endeudamiento informal, actitudes hacia el endeudamiento, materialismo y susceptibilidad a la influencia de los pares y en adolescentes rurales, según género y nivel socioeconómico de una comuna semi-rural de la Región de La Araucanía-Chile. El estudio se realizó en dos etapas, la primera cualitativa en la cual se realizaron entrevistas grupales y una fase cuantitativa, en la que se aplicaron instrumentos que medían cada una de las variables mencionadas; además fueron comparadas con variables sociodemográficas. Los resultados indican que las fuentes de dinero de estos adolescentes son principalmente de los padres, becas o trabajos informales. Presentan deudas informales y se caracterizan por la presencia de emocionalidad positiva vinculada al éxito de sus conductas de compra y fuertes sentimientos negativos asociados al fracaso de ello. En relación a diferencias de género, los hombres se muestran más materialistas e influenciables por sus pares que las mujeres. Los resultados del estudio reflejan los cambios sociales transversales, ligados al modelo neoliberal que han tenido que experimentar los adolescentes al insertarse en el mundo de la economía, independientemente de si provienen del mundo urbano o rural.
dc.description.abstract Due to the economic and technological globalization derived from the incorporation of the neoliberal model in Latin America and mainly in Chile, has implied the need to achieve new abilities. That is how currently economic and financial topics have been considering as social relevant issues. This points as much to the theoretical concepts as the abilities and attitudes that a person must have for his development of a suitable way in a society dominated by the consumption and in the global market. In addition, several authors suggest that consumption becomes a source for the self’s construction. In this way, adolescents are being in a process of identity’s definition according to their evolutionary stage, which is currently linked to consumption, they become big important subjects for the market, advertising and marketing. Thus, this research has as main objective to describe the practices of consumption and informal indebtedness, attitudes towards indebtedness, materialism and susceptibility to the influence of peers in rural adolescents by gender and socioeconomic level of a semi-rural commune of the Region of La Araucanía-Chile. The study was conducted in two stages, first a qualitative phase in which group interviews were conducted with a multiple case design and a quantitative phase with a correlation-multivariate design, where instruments were applied that measured each of the aforementioned variables; They were also compared with sociodemographic variables such as gender and socioeconomic le-vel. The results were grouped into two phases, the first phase grouped according to three central nuclei, the first core are consumption practices, this indicates that the money sources of these adolescents are mainly from parents, scholarships or informal jobs, this is usually used in personal expenses, leisure and food. They are also characterized by considering their personal opinion, family and friends. In relation to the second core refers to the practices of indebtedness, it is characterized by the presence of informal debts, mainly with their parents, friends and family. Regarding the third core refers to the emotions related to the purchase, this is characterized by the presence of positive emotionality linked to the success of their buying behaviors and strong negative feelings associated with the failure of it. Regarding the second phase, it was found that adolescents are characterized by being more austere than hedonistic and at a gender level; men have a greater average in materialism and greater influence of their peers than women do. There are no significant differences according to Socioeconomic Level. On the other hand, there are positive correlations between materialism and peer influence and between hedonism and materialism. Finally, there are no significant differences according to ethnicity. The results show that subjects have high levels of inclusion and digital access similar to that of urban adolescents. There is also a tendency towards early debt behavior that is consistent with the national surveys’ numbers. In relation to savings, the adolescents of the study shows that they give more importance to saving than urban ones, especially in the long term. In relation to the emotions related to the purchase, are a concern issue, because of how they could involve the creation of an identity based on consumption, as well as imply problems in their satisfaction with life and in their mental health. The results of the study reflect the transversal social changes linked to the neoliberal model, that adolescents have had to experience when enter to the economics world, regardless of whether they come from the urban or rural world.
dc.formatPDF
dc.identifier.citationInterdisciplinaria, Vol. 36, N° 1, 203-219, 2019
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositoriodigital.uct.cl/handle/10925/3191
dc.language.isoes
dc.publisherCentro Interamericano de Investigaciones Psicológicas y Ciencias Afines (CIIPCA)
dc.rightsObra bajo licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.sourceInterdisciplinaria (Buenos Aires)
dc.subjectActitudes hacia el endeudamiento
dc.subjectAdolescentes
dc.subjectAlfabetización económica
dc.subjectMaterialismo
dc.subjectInfluencia de pares
dc.subject.englishAdolescents
dc.subject.englishEconomic alphabetization
dc.subject.englishAttitudes toward borrowing
dc.subject.englishMaterial values
dc.subject.englishSusceptibility to peer influence
dc.titleConsumo, actitudes hacia el endeudamiento, materialismo e influencia de pares en adolescentes rurales del sur de Chile
dc.title.alternativeConsumption, attitudes to the debt, materialism, and peer influence in rural teenagers from southern Chile
dc.typeArtículo de Revista
uct.catalogadorbmc
uct.comunidadCiencias de la Salud
uct.facultadFacultad de Ciencias de la Salud
uct.indizacionSCIELO
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