Actitudes antiobesidad, sintomatología alimentaria y significados asociados
a la obesidad en estudiantes universitarios vinculados al área de la salud
Actitudes antiobesidad, sintomatología alimentaria y significados asociados
a la obesidad en estudiantes universitarios vinculados al área de la salud
Authors
Escandon Nagel, Neli
Larenas Said, Josefa
Larenas Said, Josefa
Authors
Date
Datos de publicación:
Nutrición Hospitalaria, Vol. 37, N° 2, 285-292, 2020
Keywords
Obesidad - Actitudes antiobesidad - Obsesión por la delgadez - Insatisfacción corporal
Collections
Abstract
Introducción: las personas con obesidad suelen ser objeto de estigmas asociados al peso por parte de la población. Los estudiantes del área de la salud, al formar parte de la sociedad, también experimentan actitudes antiobesidad, lo que puede afectar a la calidad de la atención que ofrecen.
Objetivos: analizar las diferencias por sexo, en estudiantes universitarios vinculados al área de la salud, con respecto a las actitudes antiobesidad, la obsesión por la delgadez, la bulimia y la insatisfacción corporal, identificando las variables que permitan predecir las actitudes negativas respecto a la obesidad. Además, se exploraron los significados asociados a la malnutrición por exceso.
Método: con un diseño no experimental transversal y un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, se accedió a 212 participantes. Los instrumentos fueron: AFA, EDI-2 y redes semánticas naturales.
Resultados: las mujeres presentaron valores más altos que los hombres en todas las variables estudiadas (p < 0,05), excepto en la bulimia (p > 0,05). La obsesión por la delgadez fue el único predictor de las actitudes antiobesidad (R2 = 0,40). Los significados más prevalentes hacia las personas con obesidad fueron “enfermedad” y “aspectos psicológicos”.
Conclusiones: la presencia de obsesión por la delgadez en estudiantes que trabajarán en el abordaje integral de la obesidad es un predisponente a experimentar actitudes antiobesidad. Dentro de los significados asociados al sobrepeso más prevalentes en este grupo están los aspectos psicológicos, antes que los conceptos relacionados con la alimentación y la actividad física. Todo esto puede tener un impacto negativo en la calidad de la atención que ofrezcan.
Introduction: people with obesity are often subjected to weight-related stigma by the population. Career students linked to the approach to obesity, as part of society, also experience anti-obesity attitudes, which can affect the quality of care they will offer. Objectives: to analyze the differences by sex, in university students linked to the health area, in anti-obesity attitudes, drive for thinness, bulimia, and body dissatisfaction, identifying variables allowing to predict negative attitudes regarding obesity. In addition, the meanings associated with excess malnutrition were explored. Method: with a cross-sectional, non-experimental design and non-probabilistic, convenience sampling 212 participants were accessed. Instruments included: AFA, EDI-2, and natural semantic networks. Results: women showed higher values than men in all the variables studied (p < 0.05) except bulimia (p > 0.05). Drive for thinness was the only predictor for anti-obesity attitudes (R2 = 0.40). The most prevalent meanings attached to people with obesity were “illness” and “psychological issues”. Conclusions: the presence of drive for thinness in students who will work in the comprehensive approach to obesity is a predisposing factor to experiencing anti-obesity attitudes. Among the most prevalent meanings associated with overweight in this group are psychological issues, rather than concepts related to food and physical activity. All this can have a negative impact on the quality of the care they offer.
Introduction: people with obesity are often subjected to weight-related stigma by the population. Career students linked to the approach to obesity, as part of society, also experience anti-obesity attitudes, which can affect the quality of care they will offer. Objectives: to analyze the differences by sex, in university students linked to the health area, in anti-obesity attitudes, drive for thinness, bulimia, and body dissatisfaction, identifying variables allowing to predict negative attitudes regarding obesity. In addition, the meanings associated with excess malnutrition were explored. Method: with a cross-sectional, non-experimental design and non-probabilistic, convenience sampling 212 participants were accessed. Instruments included: AFA, EDI-2, and natural semantic networks. Results: women showed higher values than men in all the variables studied (p < 0.05) except bulimia (p > 0.05). Drive for thinness was the only predictor for anti-obesity attitudes (R2 = 0.40). The most prevalent meanings attached to people with obesity were “illness” and “psychological issues”. Conclusions: the presence of drive for thinness in students who will work in the comprehensive approach to obesity is a predisposing factor to experiencing anti-obesity attitudes. Among the most prevalent meanings associated with overweight in this group are psychological issues, rather than concepts related to food and physical activity. All this can have a negative impact on the quality of the care they offer.