Reserva Nacional China Muerta: Consideraciones en torno a la conservación biocultural de la naturaleza, los incendios forestales y la herida colonial en territorios indígenas
Reserva Nacional China Muerta: Consideraciones en torno a la conservación biocultural de la naturaleza, los incendios forestales y la herida colonial en territorios indígenas
Authors
Figueroa Burdiles, Noelia
Vergara-Pinto, Francisca
Vergara-Pinto, Francisca
Authors
Date
2018-10-03
Datos de publicación:
10.7770/CUHSO- V28N1-ART1324
Keywords
Reserva Nacional China Muerta - Incendio forestal - Herida colonial - Patrimonio biocultural
Collections
Abstract
Se presentan los principales resultados de una investigación de carácter exploratorio realizada en torno al incendio de la Reserva Nacional China Muerta (Región de La Araucanía), ocurrido en el año 2015. Empleándose un diseño metodológico cualitativo y un enfoque etnográfico, fue posible identificar distintos actores sociales relacionados con la reserva, y a través de sus discursos aproximarse a las memorias, significados y prácticas que les vinculan a esta área silvestre protegida y sus visiones en torno al incendio como desastre. Se identificaron dos principales dimensiones en dicha vinculación: la noción del uso material de sus recursos naturales y la relación simbólica-espiritual con el territorio que constituye. Los resultados dan cuenta de cómo el incendio fue un escenario que visibilizó la diversidad sociocultural de un territorio, involucrando distintas subjetividades en la comprensión de este desastre socionatural y del propio territorio; a través de los mecanismos de participación, acción y contención del incendio, como también a través del cuestionamiento acerca del futuro del territorio y del nombre de la Reserva “China Muerta”, el cual, a nuestro juicio, devela una herida colonial que continúa hasta nuestros días. Finalmente más que conclusiones y a modo de apertura para futuras investigaciones, se propone indagar acerca de qué modo las expresiones culturales presentes en territorios donde conviven poblaciones humanas y hábitats protegidos, contribuyen a poner en valor la relación naturaleza–cultura, ampliando la dimensión de patrimonio natural a la noción de patrimonio biocultural
This paper presents the main results of an exploratory qualitative study, about the China Muerta National Reserve's forest fire (La Araucanía Region), which occurred in February 2015. Through a qualitative methodological design and an ethnographic approach, it was possible to identify different social actors associated to the reserve, and to approach the memories meanings and practices that link them to this protected wild area and their visions about the forest fire as a disaster, through their discourses. Two main dimensions were identified in this connection: the notion of the material use of its natural resources and the symbolic-spiritual relationship with the territory it constitutes. The results show how the fire was a scenario that made the sociocultural diversity of a territory visible, involving different subjectivities in the understanding of this socio-natural disaster and of the territory itself; through the mechanisms of participation, action and containment of the fire, as well as through the questioning about the future of the territory and the name of the reserve, China Muerta (Dead China), which, in our opinion, reveals a colonial wound that remains open. Finally, more than conclusions and as an opening for future research, this paper proposes to investigate how cultural expressions present in territories where human populations and protected habitats coexist, contribute to value the nature-culture relationship, expanding the dimension of natural heritage to the notion of biocultural heritage
This paper presents the main results of an exploratory qualitative study, about the China Muerta National Reserve's forest fire (La Araucanía Region), which occurred in February 2015. Through a qualitative methodological design and an ethnographic approach, it was possible to identify different social actors associated to the reserve, and to approach the memories meanings and practices that link them to this protected wild area and their visions about the forest fire as a disaster, through their discourses. Two main dimensions were identified in this connection: the notion of the material use of its natural resources and the symbolic-spiritual relationship with the territory it constitutes. The results show how the fire was a scenario that made the sociocultural diversity of a territory visible, involving different subjectivities in the understanding of this socio-natural disaster and of the territory itself; through the mechanisms of participation, action and containment of the fire, as well as through the questioning about the future of the territory and the name of the reserve, China Muerta (Dead China), which, in our opinion, reveals a colonial wound that remains open. Finally, more than conclusions and as an opening for future research, this paper proposes to investigate how cultural expressions present in territories where human populations and protected habitats coexist, contribute to value the nature-culture relationship, expanding the dimension of natural heritage to the notion of biocultural heritage