Las imágenes del comienzo de la Primera Guerra Mundial en El Mercurio de Santiago de Chile: De la «tragedia de Sarajevo» al inicio del «conflicto europeo»
Las imágenes del comienzo de la Primera Guerra Mundial en El Mercurio de Santiago de Chile: De la «tragedia de Sarajevo» al inicio del «conflicto europeo»
Authors
Carrellán Ruiz, Juan Luis
Authors
Date
2018-03-09
Datos de publicación:
10.7770/CUHSO-V27N2-ART1275
Keywords
Primera Guerra Mundial - Prensa - Imágenes - El Mercurio - First World War - Images - Press
Collections
Abstract
La historiografía tradicional ha minusvalorado los impactos de la Gran Guerra en las sociedades latinoamericanas. Desde los años previos a la
conmemoración del centenario del inicio de la guerra se ha comenzado a cuestionar esta posición por algunos autores y han ido apareciendo investigaciones sobre el tema en diferentes países de Iberoamérica. En el caso chileno, el interés
por el tema ha sido escaso y se ha limitado a celebrar seminarios en varias universidades, de los cuales se han visto pocas publicaciones. Nuestra hipótesis es que la sociedad chilena vivió con interés y preocupación los acontecimientos
desarrollados en Europa tras la tragedia de Sarajevo. Los efectos fueron intensos y variados. Uno de ellos se dio en la esfera informativa. En general, las noticias del extranjero del momento que llegaban a los diarios chilenos estaban controladas y dirigidas por las agencias de noticias europeas y eran recibidas a través cables telegráficos de compañías europeas y norteamericanas. Esta circunstancia hizo que la información independiente escaseara y que la opinión pública chilena tuviera una determinada visión de los hechos desarrollados en Europa en 1914. Para este trabajo hemos analizado las imágenes publicadas en El Mercurio de Santiago de Chile referentes a los momentos previos al inicio
de la Primera Guerra Mundial. El diario dio una gran cobertura y espacio a los hechos estudiados: el asesinato del heredero al trono austrohúngaro, la guerra austroserbia y el inicio de la Primera Guerra Mundial. Se percibe también un claro alineamiento proaliado respecto a los bloques enfrentados, transmitiendo una serie de ideas y de valores de cada uno de ellos.
Traditional historiography has valued little the impacts of the Great War on Ibero-American Societies. Since the years before the commemoration of the centenary of the beginning of the war, this position has begun to be questioned by some authors and research has been appearing on the subject in different countries of Ibero-America. In the Chilean case, interest in the subject has been scarce and has been limited in most cases to holding seminars at several universities from which few publications have been seen. Our hypothesis is that the Chilean society lived with interest and concern the events developed in Europe after the tragedy of Sarajevo. The effects were intense and varied. One of them was in the informational sphere. In general, the news from abroad of the moment that came to Chilean newspapers were controlled and directed by the agencies of European news and were received through telegraphic cables of European and North American companies. This circumstance made the independent information shortage and that Chilean public opinion had a certain vision of the facts developed in Europe in 1914. For this study we analyzed the images published in El Mercurio of Santiago de Chile concerning the moments prior to the beginning of the First World War. The newspaper gave a great coverage and space to the facts were studied: the assassination of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, the Austro-Serbia war and the beginning of the First World War. It also receives a clear alignment with regard to the competing blocs transmitting a series of ideas and values of each one of them
Traditional historiography has valued little the impacts of the Great War on Ibero-American Societies. Since the years before the commemoration of the centenary of the beginning of the war, this position has begun to be questioned by some authors and research has been appearing on the subject in different countries of Ibero-America. In the Chilean case, interest in the subject has been scarce and has been limited in most cases to holding seminars at several universities from which few publications have been seen. Our hypothesis is that the Chilean society lived with interest and concern the events developed in Europe after the tragedy of Sarajevo. The effects were intense and varied. One of them was in the informational sphere. In general, the news from abroad of the moment that came to Chilean newspapers were controlled and directed by the agencies of European news and were received through telegraphic cables of European and North American companies. This circumstance made the independent information shortage and that Chilean public opinion had a certain vision of the facts developed in Europe in 1914. For this study we analyzed the images published in El Mercurio of Santiago de Chile concerning the moments prior to the beginning of the First World War. The newspaper gave a great coverage and space to the facts were studied: the assassination of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, the Austro-Serbia war and the beginning of the First World War. It also receives a clear alignment with regard to the competing blocs transmitting a series of ideas and values of each one of them