Redes sociales de apoyo entre moradores de la calle en Temuco, Chile
Redes sociales de apoyo entre moradores de la calle en Temuco, Chile
Authors
Parada Hernández, Héctor
Authors
Date
2017-05-31
Datos de publicación:
10.7770/CUHSO -V25N2-ART922
Keywords
Personas en situación de calle - Exclusión social - Redes de apoyo - Antropología urbana - Temuco
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Abstract
Los moradores de la calle se han constituido en una forma de vida urbana que activa recursos propios y del entorno. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar socioculturalmente las redes sociales de apoyo de los moradores de la calle. Corresponde a un estudio etnográfico realizado el año 2014 en dos espacios de concentración de estas personas en la ciudad de Temuco, Chile. La muestra de carácter intencional fueron doce personas que accedieron a participar en el estudio. Se realizaron doce entrevistas semiestructuradas y noventa observaciones participantes y no participantes.
El análisis consistió en la codificación de las narrativas, levantamiento de categorías conceptuales, construcción de esquemas y redes de relación entre las categorías. Los resultados indican la presencia de cinco redes sociales de
apoyo: institucionales, religiosas, genéricas, de pares y familiares, las cuales inciden sobre el estar-ser en la calle. Se concluye que las personas en situación de calle generan una lógica de asociatividad sociocultural, configurando redes de apoyo particular, las cuales les confieren seguridad, estilo e identidad.
The homeless have come to constitute a form of urban life that activates its own resources and environment. The aim of this study was to characterize the social networks which provide sociocultural support to the homeless. It is an ethnographic study conducted in 2014 in two parts of the city of Temuco, Chile, where homeless people are concentrated. The intentional sample consisted of 12 people who agreed to participate in the study, which includes 12 semi-structured interviews and 90 participant and non-participant observations. The analysis consisted of codification of the narrative, defining conceptual categories, and building schemes and networks of relationships between categories. The results indicate the presence of five social support networks affecting life on the street: institutional, religious, generic, peer and family. It is concluded that the homeless generate logical sociocultural associations which give rise to special support networks, offering them safetyand identity
The homeless have come to constitute a form of urban life that activates its own resources and environment. The aim of this study was to characterize the social networks which provide sociocultural support to the homeless. It is an ethnographic study conducted in 2014 in two parts of the city of Temuco, Chile, where homeless people are concentrated. The intentional sample consisted of 12 people who agreed to participate in the study, which includes 12 semi-structured interviews and 90 participant and non-participant observations. The analysis consisted of codification of the narrative, defining conceptual categories, and building schemes and networks of relationships between categories. The results indicate the presence of five social support networks affecting life on the street: institutional, religious, generic, peer and family. It is concluded that the homeless generate logical sociocultural associations which give rise to special support networks, offering them safetyand identity