Antropología y campesinado: la pertinencia de lo persistente. Reflexiones antropológicas en torno al internacionalismo campesino
Antropología y campesinado: la pertinencia de lo persistente. Reflexiones antropológicas en torno al internacionalismo campesino
Authors
Contreras Román, Raúl
Authors
Date
2016-09-21
Datos de publicación:
10.7770/CUHSO-V25N2-ART902
Keywords
Campesinado - Internacionalismo campesino - Soberanía alimentaria
Collections
Abstract
En el presente artículo se elabora una discusión inicial respecto de la persistencia del campesinado en la antropología como objeto incómodo, que desde su irrupción en la disciplina ha obligado a ésta a rediscutir su identidad disciplinaria y a repensar su cuerpo teórico. Se parte de la idea que tanto la emergencia como el ocaso de los estudios campesinos en la disciplina se corresponden con contextos sociales, intelectuales y políticos localizables.
Por ello se presenta la actual lucha del internacionalismo campesino, representado por el movimiento transnacional Vía Campesina, en torno a
la soberanía alimentaria y el reconocimiento internacional de los derechos de los campesinos y campesinas. Se considera que estas luchas constituyen un espacio políticamente novedoso y potencialmente generador de oportunidades
políticas para las reivindicaciones campesinas frente al despojo neoliberal. Finalmente, se reflexiona en torno a cómo estas luchas vuelven a
presentar al campesinado como un objeto incómodo para la antropología y a reclamar la discusión disciplinaria sobre este sector.
The present article develops an initial discussion on the persistence of the peasant class in anthropology as an awkward object, which since it has become asubject for the discipline has obliged anthropologists to re-examine their disciplinary identity and re-think their theoretical bases. We start from the idea that both the emergence and the decline of peasant studies in the discipline have corresponded with localizable social, intellectual and political contexts. For this reason we present the current struggle of peasant internationalism, represented by the international movement Vía Campesina, for food sovereignty and international recognition of the rights of peasant men and women. These struggles are considered to constitute a politically novel space which has the potential to generate political opportunities for peasant claims in the face of neoliberal despoliation. Finally, we reflect on how these struggles again present the peasant class as an awkward object for anthropology and demand anthropological discussion of the subject.
The present article develops an initial discussion on the persistence of the peasant class in anthropology as an awkward object, which since it has become asubject for the discipline has obliged anthropologists to re-examine their disciplinary identity and re-think their theoretical bases. We start from the idea that both the emergence and the decline of peasant studies in the discipline have corresponded with localizable social, intellectual and political contexts. For this reason we present the current struggle of peasant internationalism, represented by the international movement Vía Campesina, for food sovereignty and international recognition of the rights of peasant men and women. These struggles are considered to constitute a politically novel space which has the potential to generate political opportunities for peasant claims in the face of neoliberal despoliation. Finally, we reflect on how these struggles again present the peasant class as an awkward object for anthropology and demand anthropological discussion of the subject.