Evaluación del paisaje visual en humedales del río Cruces, sitio Ramsar de Chile
Evaluación del paisaje visual en humedales del río Cruces, sitio Ramsar de Chile
Authors
Authors
Date
2015-07-29
Datos de publicación:
Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, Vol. 85, Nº1, 73-88, 2012
Keywords
Humedales - Paisaje visual - Río Cruces - Medioambiente
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Abstract
El paisaje es un patrimonio ambiental que incluye valores culturales y naturales, un recurso que representa la fisonomía de un espacio y refleja su naturaleza e historia. Por otro lado este recurso patrimonial se debe valorar y gestionar racionalmente, más aún cuando existe una demanda creciente por espacios de alto valor paisajístico para realizar actividades ecoturísticas. Respecto al estudio del paisaje visual, como elemento mesurable, no fue considerado hasta mediados del siglo XX y se ha avanzado en la valoración de la calidad, de la fragilidad y su capacidad de uso como valoración directa del paisaje. Sin embargo está pendiente el análisis indirecto que incluye sus características visuales básicas tales como línea, color, textura, configuración espacial y relieve, así como sus componentes, tanto primarios como secundarios. Por esto, el objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el paisaje visual (análisis directo) del río Cruces y terrenos colindantes, su fragilidad y capacidad de uso, analizando la relación entre la valoración de esos paisajes con sus características visuales y componentes primarios (análisis indirecto). La calidad visual del paisaje se evaluó mediante un método mixto con valoración directa de subjetividad representativa y análisis posterior indirecto de sus componentes, empleando un panel de evaluadores estandarizados. También se determinó la fragilidad de los paisajes, que con la calidad visual se integró en un SIGque permitió generar categorías de uso del paisaje en el área de estudio. El valor promedio (± DE) de calidad fue de VP =16.86 ± 1.99. Los usos recomendados están en la categoría 3 (calidad de paisaje alta y fragilidad baja) para turismo y recreación en un 86.1 % del área en estudio. Para el análisis indirecto se identificó, en cada paisaje sus características visuales básicas (línea, color y textura) y sus componentes primarios, analizándose su relación con la calidad visual. La valoración de los paisajes se relacionan más fuertemente con las características de la línea y de la textura como grano y densidad y su valoración es dependiente de su componente primario, los de VP alto se relacionan con cortina densa de Salix spp. con vegetación palustre y paisajes con vegetación boscosa.
Landscape is an environmental heritage, which includes cultural and natural values, a resource that represents the appearance of an area and reflects its nature and history. Thus, this heritage resource should be assessed and managed rationally, especially since there is an increasing demand for areas of high landscape value for ecotourism activities. Regarding the study of visual landscape, it was not considered as a measurable element until the mid-twentieth century and considerable progress has been made in assessing the quality, the fragility and capacity for use as a direct assessment of the landscape. Still pending is the indirect analysis which includes its basic visual features such as line, color, texture, spatial configuration and relief, and their components, both primary and secondary. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the visual landscape (direct analysis) of the Cruces River and surrounding area, its fragility and capacity for use, analyzing the relationship between the value of these landscapes with their visual characteristics and primary components (indirect analysis). The visual landscape quality was assessed using a mixed method with direct assessment of representative subjectivity and subsequent indirect analysis of its components, using a standardized panel of assessors. We also determined the fragility of the landscape, which was integrated with the visual quality and spatialized in a GIS. Thus categories of landscape use in the study area were created. The landscape quality average value (± SD) was VP = 16.86 ± 1.99. Recommended uses are in category 3 (high landscape quality and low fragility) that is tourism and recreation in 86.1 % of the study area. For indirect analysis, in each landscape, the basic visual features (line, color and texture) and its primary components were identified, analyzing their relationship with the visual quality. The landscape value is relate more strongly with the characteristics of line and texture such as grain and density and their assessment is dependent on its primary component. Landscapes with high VP relate to dense Salix and swamp vegetation and landscapes with forest vegetation.
Landscape is an environmental heritage, which includes cultural and natural values, a resource that represents the appearance of an area and reflects its nature and history. Thus, this heritage resource should be assessed and managed rationally, especially since there is an increasing demand for areas of high landscape value for ecotourism activities. Regarding the study of visual landscape, it was not considered as a measurable element until the mid-twentieth century and considerable progress has been made in assessing the quality, the fragility and capacity for use as a direct assessment of the landscape. Still pending is the indirect analysis which includes its basic visual features such as line, color, texture, spatial configuration and relief, and their components, both primary and secondary. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the visual landscape (direct analysis) of the Cruces River and surrounding area, its fragility and capacity for use, analyzing the relationship between the value of these landscapes with their visual characteristics and primary components (indirect analysis). The visual landscape quality was assessed using a mixed method with direct assessment of representative subjectivity and subsequent indirect analysis of its components, using a standardized panel of assessors. We also determined the fragility of the landscape, which was integrated with the visual quality and spatialized in a GIS. Thus categories of landscape use in the study area were created. The landscape quality average value (± SD) was VP = 16.86 ± 1.99. Recommended uses are in category 3 (high landscape quality and low fragility) that is tourism and recreation in 86.1 % of the study area. For indirect analysis, in each landscape, the basic visual features (line, color and texture) and its primary components were identified, analyzing their relationship with the visual quality. The landscape value is relate more strongly with the characteristics of line and texture such as grain and density and their assessment is dependent on its primary component. Landscapes with high VP relate to dense Salix and swamp vegetation and landscapes with forest vegetation.