Diversidad de plantas trepadoras y epífitas vasculares en un paisaje agroforestal del sur de chile: una comparación entre fragmentos de bosque nativo
Diversidad de plantas trepadoras y epífitas vasculares en un paisaje agroforestal del sur de chile: una comparación entre fragmentos de bosque nativo
Authors
Authors
Date
2015-07-19
Datos de publicación:
Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica, Vol.47, N°3-4, 411-426, 2012
Keywords
Bosque templado - Hymenophyllum - Sucesión ecológica - Plantas trepadoras
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Abstract
Se comparó la diversidad de plantas trepadoras y epífitas vasculares entre un fragmento de bosque siempreverde (Laureliopsis philippiana y Eucryphia cordifolia) y cuatro fragmentos de bosque secundario dominados por Nothofagus obliqua en una matriz agroforestal en la precordillera costera de la provincia de Osorno (Chile). Sobre la base de un muestreo por transectos con observaciones desde la base del suelo, se obtuvo la riqueza de especies, la composición florística, la frecuencia de ocurrencia (fo) y parámetros estructurales del bosque. Los resultados mostraron que: (1) la riqueza fue mayor en el fragmento siempreverde (19 especies) y decreció en los fragmentos de N. obliqua (16 a 10 especies), (3) la familia Hymenophyllaceae (epíftas) fue el grupo más diverso (10 especies), y con mayor fo en el fragmento siempreverde, (4) las trepadoras incrementaron su fo en los fragmentos de N. obliqua, (5) cuatro y cinco especies sólo se encontraron en el bosque siempreverde y N. obliqua, respectivamente, (6) la similitud florística varió entre 38 % y 75 % entre fragmentos, (7) el estado de desarrollo del bosque fue desigual entre las comunidades forestales. Se concluye que los cambios de diversidad de las especies ocurren por efecto de los cambios en la estructura del bosque.
Vascular epiphytes and climbing plants diversity in an agroforestal landscape in southern Chile: a comparison among native forest fragments. We compared the diversity of vines and vascular epiphytes among an evergreen forest fragment (Laureliopsis philippiana y Eucryphia cordifolia) and four fragments of secondary forest dominated for Nothofagus obliqua in an agro-forestry matrix landscape localized in the coastal range of Osorno, in Chile. Based on a sampling transects with ground-based observations, we obtained the species richness, floristic composition, frequency of occurrence (fo) and forest structure. The results showed that: (1) the richness was higher in the evergreen forest (19 species) and decreased in the fragments of N. obliqua (16 to 10 species), (2) the Hymenophyllaceae family (epiphytes) was the most diverse group (10 species), and presented more fo in the evergreen fragment, (3) vines increased their fo in the fragments of N. obliqua, (4) four and five species were found only in evergreen forest and N. obliqua, respectively, (5) floristic similarity ranged between 38% and 75%, (6) the state of forest development varied among forest communities. We conclude that changes in species diversity occur as a result of changes in forest structure.
Vascular epiphytes and climbing plants diversity in an agroforestal landscape in southern Chile: a comparison among native forest fragments. We compared the diversity of vines and vascular epiphytes among an evergreen forest fragment (Laureliopsis philippiana y Eucryphia cordifolia) and four fragments of secondary forest dominated for Nothofagus obliqua in an agro-forestry matrix landscape localized in the coastal range of Osorno, in Chile. Based on a sampling transects with ground-based observations, we obtained the species richness, floristic composition, frequency of occurrence (fo) and forest structure. The results showed that: (1) the richness was higher in the evergreen forest (19 species) and decreased in the fragments of N. obliqua (16 to 10 species), (2) the Hymenophyllaceae family (epiphytes) was the most diverse group (10 species), and presented more fo in the evergreen fragment, (3) vines increased their fo in the fragments of N. obliqua, (4) four and five species were found only in evergreen forest and N. obliqua, respectively, (5) floristic similarity ranged between 38% and 75%, (6) the state of forest development varied among forest communities. We conclude that changes in species diversity occur as a result of changes in forest structure.