Taxocenotic and biocenotic analysis over time of edaphic mesofauna in organic Vaccinium sp. plantations southern central Chile
- URI:
- https://hdl.handle.net/10925/1669
- Carrera:
- Agronomía - Ingeniería en Recursos Naturales Renovables
- Facultad:
- Facultad de Recursos Naturales
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2015-07-11
- Datos de publicación:
- Agrociencia, Vol.46, N°2, 163-173, 2012
- Temas:
- Mesofauna edáfica - Agricultura orgánica - Arándanos
- Medio Ambiente [372]
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- Resumen:
- Soil functioning is determined by the diversity of organisms
inhabiting the soil and their role in the edaphic ecosystem,
and the variety of forms and functions of the roots of the
plants where they live. Invertebrates are an integral part
of soil and are important in determining the suitability of
the soil for the sustainable production of healthy crops or
trees. In Chile there are no studies on edaphic mesofauna in
plantations subjected for a longer period to certified organic
management. The aim of the present study was to analyze
the taxocenotic and biocenotic similarities over time of taxa
of edaphic mesofauna in a cranberry plantation (Vaccinium
sp.) subjected to organic management practices in farms
in Southern Central Chile (37° 28’ S). In July 2006 two
farms were chosen: 1) with one year under certified organic
management as a transition organic plantation (OM1) and
2) under six years of certified organic management (OM6);
both with similar climate and edaphic features. Each farm
was divided in four quadrants, each one with 2500 m2
. In
each quadrant, was extracted at random one sample with six
replicas (188.5 cm3
each), 24 replicas on each plantation.
Samples were processed in the laboratory using the BerlesseTullgren
system for the extraction of mesofauna and the
subsequent counting and identification of specimens. To
analyze changes over time in the structure of the edaphic
mesofauna community, in July 2007 sampling was repeated
in OM1 and OM6 plantations under organic management
(OM2 and OM7). The richness, abundance of taxa and density
(nm-2
) per plot were evaluated, as well as the diversity (H’) and evenness (J’) of the mesofauna taxa in each plantation (OM1,
OM2, OM6 and OM7). The a diversity and dominance were
calculated using the Shannon (H’) Index and the Evenness
(Equity) Index (J’). In addition, b diversity was determined
to establish the taxocenotic and biocenotic similarities using
the Bray Curtis Index estimated with the Biodiversity Pro
software. Significant differences between diversity (H’) values
were determined with Student’s t test (p£0.05). There was a
high taxocenotic similarity on time in the edaphic community
structure of Vaccinium sp. organic plantations. Fourteen
taxa form edaphic mesofauna taxocenosis, being Acaridida,
Oribatida and Entomobryomorpha the most abundant.
There were differences (p£0.05) between the diversity (H’)
of mesofauna taxa in organic plantations with one year of
transition to organic management (OM1) respect to OM2,
OM6 and OM7. The communities of edaphic mesofauna
in the organic plantations of Vaccinium sp. were stabilized
two years after conversion from conventional to organic
management.